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Plastic Surgery
Milestones in Plastic Surgery
- 600 BC | Procedures that look like plastic surgery to noses and earlobes appear to have been done by Sushruta.
- 25 - 50 AD | Celsus used advancement flaps.
- 625 - 690 Indian and Arabian surgical practices were incorporated into the Roman Empire technics during the time of Aegineta.
- 1543 | Vesalius wrote an anatomical text "Fabrica", which was a foundation stone upon which all modern surgical practice now rests.
- 1510 - 1590 | Ambroise Paré (1510-1590) performed war surgery. Reconstruction surgery has progressed in direct association with the need for surgical reconstruction following trauma during warfare.
- 1540 | The Barber Surgeons in the City of London were united in a common guild and given a separate charter by King Henry VIIIth.
- 1597 | The textbook of Gaspare Tagliacozzi (1545-1592) was published. This was used as a training text in Europe.
- 1731 | Royal Academy of Surgery was founded by Louis XVth in France. This gave surgeons the same privileges as Doctors of Medicine and thus separated them from the Barbers.
- 1800 | The Royal College of Surgeons of England being established by Royal Charter in 1800
- 1861 - 1865 | Surgical technics were refined during the American Civil War.
- 1886 | The American Surgical Association was founded.
- 1913 | The American College of Surgeons was founded.
- 1914 - 1918 | During World War I, Morestin, established a treatment center for patients with facial gunshot wounds in France, and established that skin and the underlying tissue could be undermined and advanced without being subject to necrosis.
- 1914- 1918 | A British Army otolaryngologist, Harold Gillies, visited Morestin, and with the help of Sir William Arbuthnot Lane, a unit was established in the United Kingdom at Aldershot Military Hospital. This was to become the first of an organized center of facial Plastic Surgery.
- 1914 - 1918 | After a short time the unit was shifted to the Queen Mary Hospital, Sidcup, Kent, where members of the surgical divisions of Canada, New Zealand, Australia and later the United States, applied Plastic Surgery techniques to maxillofacial Injuries, led by Gillies.
- 1917 | V.H. Kazanjian of Boston, a dental surgeon serving in the First Harvard Unit attached to the British Expeditionary force, applied his dental knowledge to the treatment of facial injuries.
- 1919 | The first American textbook "Plastic Surgery its Principles and Practice" was published in 1919 by John Staige Davis of Baltimore
- 1920 | Gillies published 'Plastic Surgery of the Face' followed in 1920.
- 1925 | Le Maitre, Chief of the Otolaryngological Service at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris, organised an "international clinic" at the hospital Saint-Louis.
- 1928 | A landmark text 'Reconstructive Surgery' was published in the United States, by Ferris Smith an otolaryngologist who was in the forefront of developing Plastic Surgery.
- 1931 | The first congress of the French Society of Restorative and Esthetic Surgery was held in Paris.
- 1936 | The European Society of Structive Surgery met in Brussels.
- 1937 | The American Board in Plastic Surgery was formed.
- 1938 1938 | The "Plastica Chirurgica" journal was commenced.
- 1941 | The name of the American Association of Oral & Plastic Surgeons, formed in 1921, was changed to the American Association of Plastic Surgeons.
- 1946 | The British Association of Plastic was formed.
- 1946 | "Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery" was first published.
- 1948 | "The British Journal of Plastic Surgery" was first published.
- 1953 | The first international symposium of Cleft Lip and Palate was held in London.
- 1946 | The "American Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery" commenced publication.
- 1955 | The International Confederation of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery was founded in Stockholm in 1955. This is the premiere Plastic Surgery Society which meets every four years.
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